Tuesday, August 30, 2011

Capgemini Placement Papers 2011

How many years we can open at a time in asset a/c?
What is full form of XP ?
What is trigger ?
what is call by value & call by reference ?
What is Pointer ?
who prepare test plan?
what is RFC?types of RFCs?please any one can give me the interfaces in sap abap
with example?
what is basic diff b/w 4.7e and ecc 5.0. or 6.0?any one knows please give me exact
answer?
how to print 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 using any loop(for or while) only
once(only 1 loop) and maximum 2 variables using C.
what is a difference between user exist and coustmer exist?
What is QTP? What is Regression and retest? What is end to end testing? What is
Latest QTP version and TD version? TD is test mgmt tool or resource mgmt tool?
Why QTP and WR is called mercury interactive tool? Difference between end to end
 and system testing? Types of Testing performed in your project? What is testing
component? What is test script?

when u use REPEATE,EXIT flow steps?
What are the commands for BDC to pass specified values directly to a Batch Input
Session..?
How to run a report in background??and if we try to run in foreground it says"this
report sud be run in background".what can be done in this case?? 2-And how sud we
stop a report running in background??
Name of the ABAP program to delete background jobs?
how can be restore a project deleted in lsmw?
How to resolve -504 sql code in DB2?
How to resolve -407 sql code in DB2?
How to resolve -917 sql code in DB2?
How to resolve -502 sql code in DB2?
How to resolve -805 error in DB2?
How to resolve -818 sql code in DB2?
if you update view? where we store the data?
how many types of index?
WHAT IS MANDATORY STEPS FOR PAYABLE MODULE BEFORE ENTERING
TRANSACTION ?
can we write implementation for a method with in another method?
What if we fail to give values in columns declared as NOT NULL ?
what is differnece between DROP TABLE & DELETE TABLE .
My cobol program(not having any sql statements) is calling another cobol program (
having sql statements), what is needed for compilation and run in jcls .
Explain Client Import in SAP?
what are the metrics you are following?
how to delete all duplicate records from a table using subquery?
1.what is radio button
2.drop down list
3.multiview
4.concept of oops
5.diff. bet. Array & link list.

How to attack CAT 2011(CBT)

CAT is a test that not only checks your basic quantitative and verbal skills, but also your ability to select easier questions, plan and manage your time.
As the Indian Institutes of Management have adopted the CBT (computer-based test) mode for the Common Admission Test, the aspirants must get used to the format. The aspirants have to read and solve questions on the computer screen instead of paper and have to practice a large number of computer-based mock CATs. One need not get tensed about CBT as it will be similar to the paper-based one, where you can scan through questions and sections, review questions already seen and can come back to a difficult question.

The CAT 2011 will have only two sections instead of three. The first section will focus on Quantitative Ability & Data Interpretation; the second on Verbal Ability & Logical Reasoning. These two sections will be implemented sequentially with separate time limits. The examination will be 140 minutes. Candidates will have 70 minutes to answer 30 questions within each section which will have an on-screen countdown timer. Once the time ends for the first section, they will move to the second and will no longer be able to go back.

The success of a candidate in CAT mainly depends on the following criteria
  • Self assessment of strong and weak sections in quantitative, verbal ability and logical & data interpretation
  • Focused Preparation
  • Taking a large number of computer-based mock CATs
  • The number of questions attempted
  • Accuracy
  • Attempting well prepared questions first
  • Concentrating on basics and concepts
Preparation Strategy
Reading Comprehension and Verbal Ability You should focus on strengthening your skills by reading a wide range of non-fiction topics like rural development, space research etc in the e-book, e-paper or internet blog forms to help you do well in the online format.

Quantitative Ability:
Focusing on basic principles can fetch you good marks from this section. Strategic preparation by dividing the topics will be more useful. Don’t try for instant answers; instead practice questions using basic formulae to get answers.

Logical Reasoning:
This section requires no basic formulae. You should focus on understanding and analyzing the given statements carefully. One has to analyze the given statements in all the possible ways. Concentration plays a vital role in this section.

Do not set any minimum number of questions to be attempted as your target. Going by the past few years’ CAT papers, ambiguity and close options are likely, so proceed with caution while attempting the verbal section.

Reference Books:
  • Grammar - Wren and Martin
  • Quantitative Ability - Trishna Publications
  • Vocabulary - Norman
Exam Dates: October 22 to November 18, 2011

Last date for Registration: September 28, 2011

Website: http://www.catiim.in/

Officers in Grade B posts @ Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

Applications are invited for the post mentioned below in Reserve Bank of India (RBI/Bank) from Indian citizens, citizens of Nepal and subjects of Bhutan, Tibetan refugees (who came over to India before 1st January 1962) and persons of Indian origin who have migrated from Myanmar and Sri Lanka with the intention of permanently settling in India and in whose favour Eligibility Certificates have been issued by Government of India.
Officers in Grade B: 75 posts,
Qualification:
A First Class Bachelor's Degree with a minimum of 60% marks or an equivalent grade
OR
A Second Class Master's Degree with a minimum of 55% marks or an equivalent grade
OR
A Doctorate Degree with 50% marks in Master's Degree or equivalent grade OR iv) Chartered/ Cost Accountant/ Company Secretary (ACS) with a Bachelor's Degree OR v) A Post Graduate Diploma in Management / MBA qualification from institutions recognized by Government of India/ University Grants Commission, with Graduation / Bachelor's Degree.,

Application Fee: Rs.100/- (No fee is payable by SC/ST/PWD candidates) payable by Demand Draft favouring Reserve Bank of India and payable at Mumbai only.

Important dates:
  • ON-LINE applications can be submitted till 11.59 P.M. on September 26, 2011.
  • OFF-LINE Application or the printout of the ON-LINE Application (hard copy), as the case may be, should reach the Board's Office on or before 6.00 P.M. on October 3, 2011.

Guidelines About Industry Oriented Mini Project


The objective of this document is to present the general guidelines for the writing up of a proper mini-project report.

All JNTU B-Tech III-II have to do a industry oriented mini project which is implemented by JNTU from R05 batch.

We were very confused as to what we had to do as this was only a mini project on whether we have to go to industry,scope of project etc.But as in most colleges we were given choice to a study project or kit based and this could be done in an Institute,Industry or own.Most of chose to do a study project and were given permission for this and we had to submit this report as soon as IV/I starts and had to work on project in III/II break.This project will be evaluated during IV/II (Along with the Final or Main Project).

Basically in this mini project student can take up any Industry oriented application in his/her field of interest in their respective field/branch.First one has to submit an Abstract of the project to their concerned department head (HOD) and once he approves it ,he will assign a project guide to the individual or batch after this project work is to be started. Generally batch for a mini project may have 1 to 3 members in it.

Impotant Points:
1. There is no page limit only thing to be considered is that concept is complete.
2. One must acquire all data and concepts related to one's project.
3. The Format Guidelines given by respective Dept.heads for report layout.
4. Project should have good idustry oriented applications.

The below info will give you the complete and detailed description of the mini projects reports. 

It is essential that you produce a clear and concise report that reflects the literature survey, problem identification, project aims and objectives, the engineering design work carried out, tests performed and discussion of results. The emphasis should not be on the length of the report, but rather on the way by which the above aspects are presented In this context, you should avoid downloading bulk text and images from books or the Internet or use unconventional fonts or graphics with a view to impressing the reader You should rather show the reader that you have understood the problem at hand and used an engineering approach to produce a working solution by working as a team with your group members. You should also be able to explain the working principle and design of each stage of the developed system.Reviews will be conducted by your college in order to know the progress of your project work( 2 to 3 reviews will be taken generally).

REPORT FORMAT : 

With the format given below, the mini-project report should normally not exceed 30 pages(excluding the appendix), and should not be shorter than 20 pages.

Font and Size :

For Chapter Numbers and Titles: Times New Roman Size 18, Bold, Centered, Upper-Case.
• Sections Numbers and Titles: Times New Roman Size 14, Bold, Left aligned • Sub-section Numbers and Titles: Times New Roman Size 12, Bold, Left aligned • For the main text: Times New Roman Size 12, Justified.

NOTE : 

Do NOT put the Chapter Number and Title on a separate Page.
• If there are less than four lines remaining at the bottom of the page, start the new section or subsection on the following page.

Paragraphs and Line Spacing : 

1.5 throughout. Leave a blank space from one paragraph to another.

Margins : 

Top, Bottom, Right: 25mm; Right: 30mm.

Headers/ Footers : 

Times New Roman Size 10.

Equations :

Should be edited with Microsoft Equation, and should be numbered in ascending order in each chapter:

E.g:

is the first Equation in Chapter 2.


Page Numbers : 

Start with Page 1 at the beginning of Chapter 1. Page numbers should be centered at the bottom of the page.

Figures and tables :

• Position Figures and Tables as close as possible to the text where they are referred.
• Figures and Tables should be numbered in ascending order for each chapter, using the same sequence as for Equations.
• The number of the figure, and its caption should be typed immediately below it in Times New Roman Size 12.
• The number of the table and its caption should be typed immediately above it in Times New Roman Size 12.

TITLE PAGE : The title page should include the following information:

• Mini-Project Title
• Student Names and ID Nos.
• A statement that the report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Practical Training of the B.Eng. (Hons) in Electrical and Electronic Engineering.
• Date of submission


TABLE OF CONTENTS : The table of contents should list all the chapters, sections and other parts of the report, along with their page numbers. In particular the following should be included:

NOTE: The above page numbers are given as examples only.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT : Any person, institution, organization, department or lab, whose help or support you want to acknowledge for the project.

ABSTRACT : A summary of 300 to 400 words of the practical application, the problem to be solved, the approach used and the main results obtained.

LIST OF FIGURES : A list of all Figure Numbers presented in the report, and their title (E.g. Figure 2.1 Circuit diagram of the Traffic Light Controller) along with the page numbers.

LIST OF TABLES : A list of Table Numbers presented in the report and their title, along with the page numbers.


All the best to all B.Techs.

Interview Questions for Computer Science Engineering


  General Questions  
  1. Which is the first super computer built in India ?
  2. Explain boundary fill, flood fill and scan fill
  3. What is the language used for Artificial Intelligence?
  4. Define Avalanche diode multiplication
  5. How many flip flops are required for a modulo 19 counter?
  6. A ring counter’s initial state is 01000. After how many clock cycles will it return to its initial state?
     UNIX   
  1. Explain Fork as applied to UNIX.In UNIX what does profile contain?
  2. In UNIX what is echo used for? What is the requirement of MIMD?
  3. In UNIX what is the difference between select and poll?
    System Programming   
  1. How is relocatable code generated in an assembler?
  2. Differentiate between little Endian and Big Endian data format?
  3. How much information can be stored in 1-byte of an IBM pc compatible?
  4. Explain the superscalar architect of Pentium.What is runtime locatable code?
  5. What is the difference between risc and cisc? Whose product is the Power PC?
  6. What are the functions done during the first pass of an assembler?
   Compiler Construction  
  1.  How is Code optimization done using DAG?
  2. How do parsers work?
   Theory of Computation  
  1. What is Moore machine?What is a turing machine?What is a finite automata?
   Software Engineering  
  1. Which are the different phases in a software life cycle?
  2. How much time is usually spent in each phase and why?
  3. Why are analysis and testing phases very important?
  4. What is testing? Which are the different types of testing?
  5. What is unit testing, integration testing etc? Describe VRTX
  Computer Networks  
  1. Why are networks layered? What is the advantage of that?
  2. What is gateway used for?
  3. What are network topologies? Which are the different types?
  4. Give an example of Bus type network?
  5. What does CONNECT mean?
  6. Explain about Ethernet? Which is the protocol used in Ethernet?
  7. Explain the Shannon Hartley theorem.Give the features of CDMA technology
  8. How many layers are there in OSI?
  9. Explain HTTP, SMTP,TCP,UDP,WAP.IP and POP3
  10. Why are partitions used? What are the different types of Partitions?
  11. What bandwidth is suggested for ATM?What is meant by Subnet?
  12. What is RSA? What is DHCP used for?
  13. What is waterfall model, prototype model etc?
  14. What is microwave propagation along the surface of the earth called?
  15. How does WINMAIN look like? What is the disadvantage of pcm?
   Database Management Systems  
  1. What is atomicity? What is indexing in databases?
  2. What is the method used for disk searching?
  3. Explain Codd’s rule related to database
  4.  What is SQL? Explain about DNS  
  5. Briefly explain Vision critical systems? Which is the database using VCS?
  6. Explain about RTOS and RDMS

Monday, August 29, 2011

Top 50 Questions of Basic C programming


Here I am discussing top 50 questions of basic C programming asked in the technical interview. Prepare these question before appearing in the interview.
  1. Write a program to print numbers from 1 to 100 without using loops
  2. Write a C program to swap two variables without using a temporary variable.
  3. What is the 8 queens problem? Write a C program to solve it?
  4. Write a C program to print a square matrix helically.
  5. Write a C program to reverse a string.
  6. Write a C program to reverse the words in a sentence in place.
  7. Write a C program generate permutations.
  8. Write a C program for calculating the factorial of a number.
  9. Write a C program to calculate pow(x,n)?
  10. Write a C program which does wildcard pattern matching algorithm.
  11. How do you calculate the maximum sub array of a list of numbers?
  12. How to generate fibonacci numbers? How to find out if a given number is a Fibonacci number or not? Write C programs to do both.
  13. Solve the Rat In A Maze problem using backtracking.
  14. What Little-Endian and Big-Endian? How can I determine whether a machine’s byte order is big-endian or little endian? How can we convert from one to another?
  15. Write C code to solve the Tower of Hanoi problem.
  16. Write C code to return a string from a function.
  17. Write a C program which produces its own source code as its output.
  18. Write a C program to convert from decimal to any base (binary, hex, oct etc…).
  19. Write C code to check if an integer is a power of 2 or not in a single line?
  20. Write a C program to find the GCD of two numbers.
  21. Write code to remove duplicates in a sorted array.
  22. Find the maximum of three integers using the ternary operator.
  23. How do you initialize a pointer inside a function?
  24. Write C code to dynamically allocate one, two and three dimensional arrays (using malloc()).
  25. How would you find the size of structure without using sizeof()?
  26. Write a C program to multiply two matrices.
  27. Write a C program to check for palindromes.
  28. Write a C program to convert a decimal number into a binary number.
  29. Write C code to implement the Binary Search algorithm.
  30. Write code to evaluate a polynomial.
  31. Write code to add two polynomials.
  32. Write a program to add two long positive numbers (each represented by linked lists).
  33. How do you compare floating point numbers?
  34. What’s a good way to implement complex numbers in C?
  35. How can I display a percentage-done indication on the screen?
  36. Write a program to check if a given year is a leap year or not?
  37. Is there something we can do in C but not in C++?
  38. How to swap the two nibbles in a byte ? How to generate the next prime after a given prime?
  39. How to scan a string till we hit a new line using scanf()?
  40. Write pseudocode to compare versions (like 115.10.1 vs 115.11.5).
  41. How do you get the line numbers in C?
  42. Write your own sqrt() function in C.
  43. Write a simple piece of code to split a string at equal intervals.
  44. Is there a way to multiply matrices in lesser than o(n^3) time complexity?
  45. How do you find out if a machine is 32 bit or 64 bit?
  46. Write a program to have the output go two places at once (to the screen and to a file also).
  47. How can we sum the digits of a given number in single statement?
  48. Given two strings A and B, how would you find out if the characters in B were a subset of the characters in A?
  49. Write a program to merge two arrays in sorted order, so that if an integer is in both the arrays, it gets added into the final array only once.
  50. Write your own trim() or squeeze() function to remove the spaces from a string.

B.Tech Mini Project Ideas for CSE/IT Students


project ideas which were divided into 10 different topic areas. Keep in mind that a few of these projects could have been classified in more than one topic.

Numbers

Find PI to the Nth Digit – Enter a number and have the program generate PI up to that many decimal places. Keep a limit to how far the program will go.

Fibonacci Sequence – Enter a number and have the program generate the Fibonacci sequence to that number or to the Nth number.

Prime Factorization – Have the user enter a number and find all Prime Factors (if there are any) and display them.

Next Prime Number – Have the program find prime numbers until the user chooses to stop the asking for
the next one.

Find Cost of Tile to Cover W x H Floor – Calculate the total cost of tile it would take to cover a floor plan of width and height, using a cost entered by the user.

Mortgage Calculator – Calculate the monthly payments of a fixed term mortgage over given Nth terms at a given interest rate. Also figure out how long it will take the user to pay back the loan.

Change Return Program – The user enters a cost and then the amount of money given. The program will figure out the change and the number of quarters, dimes, nickels, pennies needed for the change.

Binary to Decimal and Back Converter – Converter to convert a decimal number to binary or a binary number to its decimal equivalent.

Calculator – A simple calculator to do basic operators. Make it a scientific calculator for added complexity.

Unit Converter (temp, currency, volume, mass and more) – Converts various units between one another. The user enters the type of unit being entered, the type of unit they want to convert to and then the value. The program will then make the conversion.

Alarm Clock – A simple clock where it plays a sound after X number of minutes/seconds or at a particular time.

Distance Between Two Cities – Calculates the distance between two cities and allows the user to specify a unit of distance. This program may require finding coordinates of the cities like latitude and longitude.

Credit Card Validator – Takes in a credit card number of a common credit card vendor (Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Discoverer) and validates it to make sure that it is a valid number (look into how credit cards use a checksum).

Tax Calculator – Asks the user to enter a cost and either a country or state tax. It then returns the tax plus the total cost with tax.

Dijkstra’s Algorithm – Create a program that finds the shortest path through a graph using its edges.


Text

Reverse a String – Enter a string and the program will reverse it and print it out.

Pig Latin – Pig Latin is a game of alterations played on the English language game. To form the Pig Latin form of an English word the initial consonant sound is transposed to the end of the word and an ay is affixed (Ex.: "banana" would yield anana-bay). Read Wikipedia for more information on rules.



Count Vowels – Enter a string and the program counts the number of vowels in the text. For added complexity have it report a sum of each vowel found.

Check if Palindrome – Checks if the string entered by the user is a palindrome. That is that it reads the same forwards as backwards like “racecar”

Count Words in a String – Counts the number of individual words in a string. For added complexity read these strings in from a text file and generate a summary.

Text Editor – Notepad style application that can open, edit, and save text documents. Add syntax highlighting and other features.

RSS Feed Creator – A program which can read in text from other sources and put it in RSS or Atom news format for syndication.

Post it Notes Program – A program where you can add text reminders and post them. You can have the program also add popup reminders.

Quote Tracker (market symbols etc) – A program which can go out and check the current value of stocks for a list of symbols entered by the user. The user can set how often the stocks are checked and the program can show green up and red down arrows to show which direction the stock value has moved.

Guestbook / Journal – A simple application that can be for online that can allow people to add comments or write journal entries. It can allow comments or not and timestamps all entries. Could also be made into a shout box.

News Ticker and Game Scores – A program which sits on your desktop and aggregates news and game scores from various sources on the net and scrolls them across the screen on regular intervals.

Fortune Teller (Horoscope) – A program that checks your horoscope on various astrology sites and puts them together for you each day.

Vigenere / Vernam / Ceasar Ciphers – Functions for encrypting and decrypting data messages. Then send them to a friend.

Random Gift Suggestions – Enter various gifts for certain people when you think of them and when its time to give them a gift (xmas, birthday, anniversary) it will randomly pick one and perhaps places you can get it.

Text to HTML Generator – Converts text files into web HTML files and stylizes them. Great for making online documentation of standard text documentation.

CD Key Generator – Generates a unique key for your applications to use based on some arbitrary algorithm that you can specify. Great for software developers looking to make shareware that can be activated.

Regex Query Tool – A tool that allows the user to enter a text string and then in a separate control enter a regex pattern. It will then run the regular expression against the source text and return any matches or flag errors in the regular expression.


Networking

FTP Program – A file transfer program which can transfer files back and forth from a remote web sever.

Get Atomic Time from Internet Clock – This program will get the true atomic time from an atomic time clock on the internet. There are various clocks across the world. Do a search for a list of them.

Chat Application (IRC or MSN Style) – Create a chat application that can carry on simple chat rooms like on Internet Relay Chat or a more direct chatting style like MSN. For added complexity, create your own protocol to facilitate this chatting.

Fetch Current Weather – Get the current weather for a given zip/postal code.

P2P File Sharing App – Create a program like LimeWire, FrostWire, Bearshare, or a torrent style application.

Port Scanner – Enter an IP address and a port range where the program will then attempt to find open ports on the given computer by connecting to each of them. On any successful connections mark the port as open.

Mail Checker (POP3 / IMAP) – The user enters various account information include web server and IP, protocol type (POP3 or IMAP) and the application will check for email on several accounts at a given interval.

Packet Sniffer – A utility program that will read packets coming in and out of the machine along with related information like destination and payload size.

Country from IP Lookup – Enter an IP address and find the country that IP is registered in.

Whois Search Tool – Enter an IP or host address and have it look it up through whois and return the results to you.

Zip / Postal Code Lookup – Enter a zip or postal code and have it return which city/cities that are in that zip code.

Remote Login – Create a remote desktop style application which can see and control the remote computer (given you have permissions). It may require the use of your own private network and a second computer to test with.

Site Checker with Time Scheduling – An application that attempts to connect to a website or server every so many minutes or a given time and check if it is up. If it is down, it will notify you by email or by posting a notice on screen.

Small Web Server – A simple web server that can serve HTML files that contain Javascript and other forms of non-code executing code. Added complexity would be to try and implement streaming video, create a server-side language, or serve up other stream types.

Web Bot – An automated program which carries out tasks on the web including checking websites, page scraping, and summarization of data or web posting.


Classes

Product Inventory Project – Create an application which manages an inventory of products. Create a product class which has a price, id, and quantity on hand. Then create an inventory class which keeps track of various products and can sum up the inventory value.

Movie Store – Manage video rentals and controls when videos are checked out, due to return, overdue fees and for added complexity create a summary of those accounts which are overdue for contact.

Airline / Hotel Reservation System – Create a reservation system which books airline seats or hotel rooms charging various rates for particular sections of the plane or hotel. Example, first class is going to cost more than coach. Hotel rooms have penthouse suites which cost more. Keep track of when rooms will be available and can be scheduled.

Student Grade Book Application – Keep track of students (with a student class that has their name, average, and scores) in a class and their grades. Assign their scores on tests and assignments to the students and figure out their average and grade for the class. For added complexity put the students on a bell curve.

Bank Account Manager - Create a class called “Account” which will be an abstract class for three other classes called “CheckingAccount”, “SavingsAccount” and “BusinessAccount”. Manage credits and debits from these accounts through an ATM style program.

Library Catalog – Create a book class with a title, page count, ISBN and whether or not it is checked out or not. Manage a collection of various books and allow the user to check out books or return books. For added complexity generate a report of those books overdue and any fees. Also allow users to put books on reserve.

Patient / Doctor Scheduler – Create a patient class and a doctor class. Have a doctor that can handle multiple patients and setup a scheduling program where a doctor can only handle 16 patients during an 8 hr work day.

Recipe Creator and Manager – Create a recipe class with ingredients and a put them in a recipe manager program that organizes them into categories like deserts, main courses or by ingredients like chicken, beef, soups, pies etc.

Image Gallery – Create an image abstract class and then a class that inherits from it for each image type. Put them in a program which displays them in a gallery style format for viewing.

Class to Handle Large Numbers – We know that the basic data types like integer, long, double, and floats only go so far. Create a class that can manage extremely large numbers like those used in space exploration.

Chart Making Class / API – Create a class, or a set of classes, that generates bar charts, pie charts, histograms, and scatter plot charts. For added complexity, make this a service where people can connect to a web server, supply information and it returns a chart image for them in gif or jpg format.

Shape Area and Perimeter Classes – Create an abstract class called “Shape” and then inherit from it other shapes like diamond, rectangle, circle, triangle etc. Then have each class override the area and perimeter functionality to handle each shape type.

Matrix Class – A class to manage matrices. Add, subtract and multiple matrices.

Flower Shop Ordering To Go – Create a flower shop application which deals in flower objects and use those flower objects in a bouquet object which can then be sold. Keep track of the number of objects and when you may need to order more.

Vending Machine – Create an application which takes money and dispenses various types of candy or other item. The user enters a number and letter sequence, like D9, and have it return an instance of “Item” which of the proper type. Example when they press D9 it will return a type of candy bar which is an instance of Mr GoodBar.

Josephus Problem – Create a program which links together various node objects and then every Nth object is removed until you have one object left. This last object is the sole survivor. Look it up on Google under “Josephus Algorithm”

Family Tree Creator – Create a class called “Person” which will have a name, when they were born and when (and if) they died. Allow the user to create these Person classes and put them into a family tree structure. Print out the tree to the screen.


Threading

Create Progress Bar of Download – Create a progress bar for applications that can keep track of a download in progress. The progress bar will be on a separate thread and will communicate with the main thread using delegates.

Download Manager – Allow your program to download various files and each one is downloading in the background on a separate thread. The main thread will keep track of the other thread’s progress and notify the user when downloads are completed.

Chat Application (remoting style) – Create a chat application which allows you to connect directly to another computer by their IP through the use of remoting and allow your “server” application handle multiple incoming connections.

Bulk Thumbnail Creator – Picture processing can take a bit of time for some transformations. Especially if the image is large. Create an image program which can take hundreds of images and convert them to a specified size in the background thread while you do other things. For added complexity, have one thread handling resizing, have another bulk renaming of thumbnails etc.


Web

WYSIWG (What you see is what you get) Editor – Create an editor online which allows people to move around elements, create tables, write text, set colors etc for web pages without having to know HTML. Think Dreamweaver or FrontPage but for online sites. If you need an example check out the DIC page used to create a post.

Web Browser with Tabs – Create a small web browser that allows you to navigate the web and contains tabs which can be used to navigate to multiple web pages at once. For simplicity don’t worry about executing Javascript or other client side code.

Page Scraper – Create an application which connects to a site and pulls out all links or images and saves them to a list. For added complexity, organize the indexed content and don’t allow duplicates. Have it put the results into an easily searchable index file.

File Downloader – An application which can download various objects on a page including video streams or all files on a page. Great for pages with a lot of download links.

Telnet Application – Create an application which can telnet into servers across the internet and run basic commands.

Online White Board – Create an application which allows you and friends to collaborate on a white board online. Draw pictures, write notes and use various colors to flesh out ideas for projects. For added complexity try building in picture tubes.

Bandwidth Monitor – A small utility program that tracks how much data you have uploaded and downloaded from the net during the course of your current online session. See if you can find out what periods of the day you use more and less and generate a report or graph that shows it.

Bookmark Collector and Sorter – An application that you can put online for people to upload bookmarks to, have it sort them, remove duplicates and export the entire list as a Firefox/IE/Safari bookmark file. For added complexity see if you can group the bookmark items into various folders.

Password Safe – A program which keeps track of passwords for sites or applications and encrypts them with a key so that no one can read them.

Media Player Widget for iGoogle – Create an iGoogle gadget which can play various song lists from your computer as well as share one song daily. Perhaps let people look up which songs you have listened to lately.

Text Based Game Like Utopia – Create a simple text based RPG like Utopia where you can create a civilization, gather resources, forge alliances, cast spells and more on a turn based system. See if you can dominate the kingdom.

Scheduled Auto Login and Action – Make an application which logs into a given site on a schedule and invokes a certain action and then logs out. This can be useful for checking web mail, posting regular content, or getting info for other applications and saving it to your computer.

E-Card Generator – Make a site that allows people to generate their own little e-cards and send them to other people. Can use flash or not. Use a picture library and perhaps insightful mottos or quotes.

Content Management System – Create a content management system (CMS) like Joomla, Drupal, PHP Nuke etc. Start small and allow for the addition of modules/addons later.

Template Maker – Make a site or application which allows the user to enter in various color codes, elements, dimensions and constructs a template file for a particular application like PHPBB, Invision Board, MySpace, Bebo, etc.

CAPTCHA Maker – Ever see those images with letters a numbers when you signup for a service and then asks you to enter what you see? It keeps web bots from automatically signing up and spamming. Try creating one yourself for online forms. If you use PHP, take a look at the image functions of GD.


Files

Quiz Maker – Make an application which takes various questions form a file, picked randomly, and puts together a quiz for students. Each quiz can be different and then reads a key to grade the quizzes.

Quick Launcher – A utility program that allows the user to assign various programs to icons on a toolbar. Then by clicking the buttons they can quickly launch the programs with parameters etc. Much like Windows quick launch.

File Explorer – Create your own windows explorer program but with added features, better searching, new icons and other views.

Sort File Records Utility – Reads a file of records, sorts them, and then writes them back to the file. Allow the user to choose various sort style and sorting based on a particular field.

Add Transactions In File and Find Averages – Read in a file of financial transactions, group them into accounts, add up fields or find averages or apply credits and debits to each account.

Create Zip File Maker – The user enters various files from different directories and maybe even another computer on the network and the program transfers them and zips them up into a zip file. For added complexity, apply actual compression to the files.

PDF Generator – An application which can read in a text file, html file or some other file and generates a PDF file out of it. Great for a web based service where the user uploads the file and the program returns a PDF of the file.

Bulk Renamer and Organizer – This program will take a series of files and renames them with a specific filename filter entered by the user. For instance if the user enters myimage###.jpg it will rename all files with a “minimum” of three numbers like “myimage001.jpg”, “myimage145.jpg” or even “myimage1987.jpg” since 1987 has at least three numbers.

Mp3 Tagger – Modify and add ID3v1 tags to MP3 files. See if you can also add in the album art into the MP3 file’s header as well as other ID3v2 tags.

Log File Maker – Make an application which logs various statistics in response to given events. This can be something that logs what an application does, what the system is doing, when something like a file changes etc.

Excel Spreadsheet Exporter – Create an online application which can read in a file and create an Excel Spreadsheet to export back. This can be through CVS or other file formats. For added complexity, see if you can create formula fields as well.

RPG Character Stat Creator – Make a program which will randomly create a character’s stats based on several rules set forth by the user. Have it generate a class, gender, strength/magic/dexterity points, and extra abilities or trades. Have it save it to a file which can then be printed out by a dungeon master.

Image Map Generator – Image maps are those images on the web that have multiple hover points that link to different pages. Such images may include maps or splash pages. See if you can make one where the user specifies an image, clicks hotspots in the image and specify links. It will then generate the HTML code to a file that the user can then copy and paste into their website to make the image map.

File Copy Utility – Create a utility that can do bulk file copying and backups of other files.

Code Snippet Manager – Another utility program that allows coders to put in functions, classes or other tidbits to save for use later. Organized by the type of snippet or language the coder can quickly look up code. For extra practice try adding syntax highlighting based on the language.

Versioning Manager – Create your own versioning system for code files. Users are forced to check out items and lock items during reading and writing so that a group of programmers are not accidentally overwriting code files on one another.


Databases

SQL Query Analyzer – A utility application which a user can enter a query and have it run against a local database and look for ways to make it more efficient.

Remote SQL Tool – A utility that can execute queries on remote servers from your local computer across the Internet. It should take in a remote host, user name and password, run the query and return the results.

Baseball / Other Card Collector – Create an online application for keeping track of a collection of cards. Let the user enter all cards in a set, check off which ones they have, which ones they need and generate lists of cards they are looking for. For extra complexity, have it sum up sets and generate reports on how close they are of completing sets or the current value of a set.

Report Generator – Create a utility that generates a report based on some tables in a database. Generates a sales reports based on the order/order details tables or sums up the days current database activity.

Database Backup Script Maker – A program which reads a database’s objects, relationships, records and stored procedures and creates a .sql file which can then be imported into another database or kept as a backup file to rebuild the database with.

Event Scheduler and Calendar – Make an application which allows the user to enter a date and time of an event, event notes and then schedule those events on a calendar. The user can then browse the calendar or search the calendar for specific events. For added complexity, allow the application to create reoccurrence events that reoccur every day, week, month, year etc.

Budget Tracker – Write an application that keeps track of a household’s budget. The user can add expenses, income, and recurring costs to find out how much they are saving or losing over a period of time. For added complexity allow the user to specify a date range and see the net flow of money in and out of the house budget for that time period.

Address Book – Keep track of various contacts, their numbers, emails and little notes about them like a rolodex in the database. For extra complexity, allow the user to connect to a website publish their address book based on specific options the user has set.

TV Show Tracker – Got a favorite show you don’t want to miss? Don’t have a PVR or want to be able to find the show to then PVR it later? Make an application which can search various online TV Guide sites, locate the shows/times/channels and add them to a database application. The database/website then can send you email reminders that a show is about to start and which channel it will be on.

Travel Planner System – Make a system that allows users to put together their own little travel itinerary and keep track of the airline / hotel arrangements, points of interest, budget and schedule.

Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) Creator – A program that allows the user to put together ERD diagram and save it or have it generate some basic SQL syntax to give them a jumpstart.

Database Translation (MySQL <-> SQL Server) – A simple utility that reads in from one database and constructs SQL compliant with another database. Then saves that to another database. One popular transition would be to and from MySQL server for databases like SQL Server and Oracle.

Web Board (Forum) – Create a forum for you and your buddies to post, administer and share thoughts and ideas.


Graphics and Multimedia

Slide Show – Make an application that shows various pictures in a slide show format. For extra complexity try adding various effects like fade in/out, star wipe and window blinds transitions.

Mind Mapper – Allow the user to put down ideas and quickly brainstorm how they are related into a mind map. The goal here is speed so let the user quickly write in an idea and drag it around in a visual map to show relationships.

Import Picture and Save as Grayscale – A utility that sucks the color right out of an image and saves it. You could add more including adjusting contrast, colorizing and more for added complexity.

Stream Video from Online – Try to create your own online streaming video player.

Mp3 Player (and Other Formats) – A simple program for playing your favorite music files. For extra complexity see if you can add in playlists and an equalizer.

Bulk Picture Manipulator – This program will take in a directory of pictures and apply a certain effect to them whether it be reducing color count, changing its format, or alter file attributes. For something extra try to see if you can also create a system to tag them.

CD Burning App – Create a utility that simply burns data to a CD.

YouTube Downloader – A program which can download videos to your hard drive from youtube.com. Save the files in various formats including FLV and AVI.

Wallpaper Manager – Make a program which keeps track of your favorite wallpapers, changes them regularly automatically and maybe even resizes them for your resolution (aka tiles one and stretches another)

Screen Capture Program – Make a utility that will simply capture a frame from your web cam. For added complexity see if you can also build in emailing functionality.

Image Browser – This application is used to view various image files on your computer from PNG, GIF, JPG to BMP, TIFF etc.

Traffic Light Application – See if you can make your own street light application and then put it into an intersection scenario. Don’t let any cars run the lights and crash into one another!

MP3 to Wav Converter – MP3 is essentially compressed wav format. See if you can translate it back into wav so that some other sound editing programs can work with the wav file itself. Keep in mind that 1 MB of MP3 is relative 10MB wav.

Signature Maker – Ever seen those web board posts where someone has a generated signature made up? See if you can make a program that allows the user to specify a background, text, colors and alignment to make their own signatures or userbars.


Screen Saver – Make a screensaver program that will run while your computer sits idle. To make a simple one use some standard pictures and then for added complexity try a 3D object that spins around the screen and bounces off the sides.

Watermarking Application – Have some pictures you want copyright protected? Add your own logo or text lightly across the background so that no one can simply steal your graphics off your site. Make a program that will add this watermark to the picture.

Turtle Graphics – This is a common project where you create a floor of 20 x 20 squares and using various commands you tell a turtle to draw a line on the floor. You have move forward, left or right, lift or drop pen etc. For added complexity, allow the program to read in the list of commands from a file. Do a search online for “Turtle Graphics” for more information.


Games

Chess and Checkers – Simply put a game of chess or checkers. Try to make it playable online and if you can use a graphical user interface that can also undo or redo a step as well as keep a history of moves for replay.

Hangman – Randomly select a word from a file, have the user guess characters in the word. For each character they guess that is not in the word, have it draw another part of a man hanging in a noose. If the picture is completed before they guess all the characters, they lose.

Crossword Puzzle – Create a crossword puzzle which links words together on common letters. Provide a list of clues for each word and let the user enter fill in the words until the entire crossword is filled in.

Frogger – Get your frog across the river and lanes of traffic by either jumping on logs and lily pads rushing by at different speeds or avoid the automobiles which are also moving at various speeds. Based on the old arcade game.

Pac Man – Another arcade classic, move Pac man around a maze gobbling up pellets and trying to avoid a group of ghosts. Power pellets allow Pac man to eat the ghosts for a limited time.

Find Way Out of Maze – Develop an algorithm that allows a mouse to navigate through any maze given enough time.

Guitar Hero Clone – Create your own version of guitar hero where you can incorporate your own music and allow the user to press keys for the various colored notes. Judge their accuracy.

Breakout – A classic arcade game breakout involves a series of blocks at the top of the screen and using a paddle bounces a steel ball against the blocks to destroy them. Just don’t miss the ball or else you will lose.

Pin Ball – I think we all know how pin ball works. Make a game where the user controls to mini paddles and keeps a ball in play, bouncing off various items and navigating through the course for various points. For added complexity, create a high score list.

High / Low Number Guessing – Randomly choose a number in a range of numbers and have the user guess. If their guess is too low, tell them “too low” and if their guess is too high tell them “too high”. Let them continue to guess until they get the right answer. Keep track of the number of guesses they made before getting it right.

Poker (plus online component) – Create a poker game where you can have 2 – 5 players be it real or computer controlled. Allow each player is given two cards face down which they must match against 5 community cards. The flop, the turn and the river to create the best hand possible. Each round they bet or fold.

Tic Tac Toe with Friend Online – A simple game of tic tac toe. For added complexity allow the application to be played over the internet where another player can against you.

Magic Eight Ball – Create a file full of random sayings and answers. Then have the magic eight ball pick one at random in response to a user’s question. Allow the user to enter the question and then show them the randomly picked answer.

Game of Memory – Make a game where you have 8, 16, 32 or 64 cards which are to be matched in pairs. The user enters which two cards to turn over to see if they are a pair. Show the user the cards they turned over, if they match remove them from the game. If they do not match, flip them back over. For added complexity, impose a time limit or a turn limit.

Black Jack – Also known as 21 make a game where the goal is to get as close to 21 without going over using a standard 52 card deck. The user plays against a dealer who has to sit on any value 17 or under.

Battleship – Create two game boards and let each player place a number of war ships. Each player can’t see the other person’s board. They then take turns firing at one another by guessing one of the board squares. If the square they guess contains part of a ship, it is a hit. Otherwise it is a miss. They sink a ship when all squares containing that particular ship have been uncovered. The player wins when all their opponents’ ships have been sunk.

Snake Game – Create a board where you start out with a small snake. The goal is to eat as much food that appears on the board as possible without it running into its own body. Each time it eats food the snake grows longer. How long can you make your snake?

Slot Machine – Make a slot machine where the user can enter how many coins they are willing to bet and pull the handle. Have one of three wheels land on a random picture. Certain combinations of pictures yield coins. Others might be wild cards. For added complexity, allow the user to play not only the top, center and bottom row but also diagonals.

Ice and Dice – Have the user roll three dice. Each face that has a dot in the middle is said to have a hole in the ice. Each dot not in the center is said to be a polar bear. Have the user enter the number of holes and polar bears in a given time period. So for example if you have the side with 1 dot (in the middle) it is 1 hole and no polar bears. The number 2 has no dot in the middle but two dots in the corners so it has no holes and 2 polar bears. The number 3 has one dot in the middle and two dots in the corners so it has 1 hole and 2 polar bears. The number 4 has no holes and 4 polar bears. Five has 1 hole and 4 polar bears etc.

These questions&answers help you a lot while facing interview


Interview : Testing/QA Interview QuestionsWhat is Acceptance Testing?
Testing conducted to enable a user/customer to determine whether to accept a software product. Normally performed to validate the software meets a set of agreed acceptance criteria.

What is Accessibility Testing?
Verifying a product is accessible to the people having disabilities (deaf, blind, mentally disabled etc.).

What is Ad Hoc Testing?
A testing phase where the tester tries to 'break' the system by randomly trying the system's functionality. Can include negative testing as well. See also Monkey Testing.

What is Agile Testing?
Testing practice for projects using agile methodologies, treating development as the customer of testing and emphasizing a test-first design paradigm. See also Test Driven Development.

What is Application Binary Interface (ABI)?
A specification defining requirements for portability of applications in binary forms across defferent system platforms and environments.

What is Application Programming Interface (API)?
A formalized set of software calls and routines that can be referenced by an application program in order to access supporting system or network services.

What is Automated Software Quality (ASQ)?
The use of software tools, such as automated testing tools, to improve software quality.

What is Automated Testing?
Testing employing software tools which execute tests without manual intervention. Can be applied in GUI, performance, API, etc. testing.
The use of software to control the execution of tests, the comparison of actual outcomes to predicted outcomes, the setting up of test preconditions, and other test control and test reporting functions.

What is Backus-Naur Form?
A metalanguage used to formally describe the syntax of a language.

What is Basic Block?
A sequence of one or more consecutive, executable statements containing no branches.

What is Basis Path Testing?
A white box test case design technique that uses the algorithmic flow of the program to design tests.

What is Basis Set?
The set of tests derived using basis path testing.

What is Baseline?
The point at which some deliverable produced during the software engineering process is put under formal change control.
What you will do during the first day of job?

What would you like to do five years from now?

Tell me about the worst boss you've ever had.

What are your greatest weaknesses?

What are your strengths?

What is a successful product?

What do you like about Windows?

What is good code?

What are basic, core, practices for a QA specialist?

What do you like about QA?

What has not worked well in your previous QA experience and what would you change?

How you will begin to improve the QA process?

What is the difference between QA and QC?

What is UML and how to use it for testing?

What is Beta Testing?
Testing of a rerelease of a software product conducted by customers.
Interview : Testing/QA Interview Questions
Page -2

What is Binary Portability Testing?
Testing an executable application for portability across system platforms and environments, usually for conformation to an ABI specification.

What is Black Box Testing?
Testing based on an analysis of the specification of a piece of software without reference to its internal workings. The goal is to test how well the component conforms to the published requirements for the component.

What is Bottom Up Testing?
An approach to integration testing where the lowest level components are tested first, then used to facilitate the testing of higher level components. The process is repeated until the component at the top of the hierarchy is tested.

What is Boundary Testing?
Test which focus on the boundary or limit conditions of the software being tested. (Some of these tests are stress tests).

What is Bug?
A fault in a program which causes the program to perform in an unintended or unanticipated manner.

What is Boundary Value Analysis?
BVA is similar to Equivalence Partitioning but focuses on "corner cases" or values that are usually out of range as defined by the specification. his means that if a function expects all values in range of negative 100 to positive 1000, test inputs would include negative 101 and positive 1001.

What is Branch Testing?
Testing in which all branches in the program source code are tested at least once.

What is Breadth Testing?
A test suite that exercises the full functionality of a product but does not test features in detail.

What is CAST?
Computer Aided Software Testing.

What is CMMI?
What do you like about computers?

Do you have a favourite QA book? More than one? Which ones? And why.

What is the responsibility of programmers vs QA?

What are the properties of a good requirement?

Ho to do test if we have minimal or no documentation about the product?

What are all the basic elements in a defect report?

Is an "A fast database retrieval rate" a testable requirement?

What is software quality assurance?

What is the value of a testing group? How do you justify your work and budget?

What is the role of the test group vis-?-vis documentation, tech support, and so forth?

How much interaction with users should testers have, and why?

How should you learn about problems discovered in the field, and what should you learn from those problems?

What are the roles of glass-box and black-box testing tools?

What issues come up in test automation, and how do you manage them?
What is Conversion Testing?
Testing of programs or procedures used to convert data from existing systems for use in replacement systems.
Interview : Testing/QA Interview Questions
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What is Cyclomatic Complexity?
A measure of the logical complexity of an algorithm, used in white-box testing.

What is Data Dictionary?
A database that contains definitions of all data items defined during analysis.

What is Data Flow Diagram?
A modeling notation that represents a functional decomposition of a system.

What is Data Driven Testing?
Testing in which the action of a test case is parameterized by externally defined data values, maintained as a file or spreadsheet. A common technique in Automated Testing.

What is Debugging?
The process of finding and removing the causes of software failures.

What is Defect?
Nonconformance to requirements or functional / program specification

What is Dependency Testing?
Examines an application's requirements for pre-existing software, initial states and configuration in order to maintain proper functionality.

What is Depth Testing?
A test that exercises a feature of a product in full detail.

What is Dynamic Testing?
Testing software through executing it. See also Static Testing.

What is Emulator?
A device, computer program, or system that accepts the same inputs and produces the same outputs as a given system.
What is Endurance Testing?
Checks for memory leaks or other problems that may occur with prolonged execution.

What is End-to-End testing?
Testing a complete application environment in a situation that mimics real-world use, such as interacting with a database, using network communications, or interacting with other hardware, applications, or systems if appropriate.

What is Equivalence Class?
A portion of a component's input or output domains for which the component's behaviour is assumed to be the same from the component's specification.

What is Equivalence Partitioning?
A test case design technique for a component in which test cases are designed to execute representatives from equivalence classes.

What is Exhaustive Testing?
Testing which covers all combinations of input values and preconditions for an element of the software under test.

What is Functional Decomposition?
A technique used during planning, analysis and design; creates a functional hierarchy for the software.

What is Functional Specification?
A document that describes in detail the characteristics of the product with regard to its intended features.

What is Functional Testing?
Testing the features and operational behavior of a product to ensure they correspond to its specifications.
Testing that ignores the internal mechanism of a system or component and focuses solely on the outputs generated in response to selected inputs and execution conditions.
See also What is Black Box Testing.

What is Glass Box Testing?
A synonym for White Box Testing.

Do you know of metrics that help you estimate the size of the testing effort?

How do you scope out the size of the testing effort?

How many hours a week should a tester work?

How should your staff be managed? How about your overtime?

How do you estimate staff requirements?

What do you do (with the project tasks) when the schedule fails?

How do you handle conflict with programmers?

How do you know when the product is tested well enough?

What characteristics would you seek in a candidate for test-group manager?

What do you think the role of test-group manager should be? Relative to senior management? Relative to other technical groups in the company? Relative to your staff?

How do your characteristics compare to the profile of the ideal manager that you just described?

How does your preferred work style work with the ideal test-manager role that you just described? What is different between the way you work and the role you described?

Who should you hire in a testing group and why?
Interview : Testing/QA Interview Questions
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What is Gorilla Testing?
Testing one particular module, functionality heavily.

What is Gray Box Testing?
A combination of Black Box and White Box testing methodologies? testing a piece of software against its specification but using some knowledge of its internal workings.

What is High Order Tests?
Black-box tests conducted once the software has been integrated.

What is Independent Test Group (ITG)?
A group of people whose primary responsibility is software testing,

What is Inspection?
A group review quality improvement process for written material. It consists of two aspects; product (document itself) improvement and process improvement (of both document production and inspection).

What is Integration Testing?
Testing of combined parts of an application to determine if they function together correctly. Usually performed after unit and functional testing. This type of testing is especially relevant to client/server and distributed systems.

What is Installation Testing?
Confirms that the application under test recovers from expected or unexpected events without loss of data or functionality. Events can include shortage of disk space, unexpected loss of communication, or power out conditions.

What is Load Testing?
See Performance Testing.

What is Localization Testing?
This term refers to making software specifically designed for a specific locality.

What is Loop Testing?
A white box testing technique that exercises program loops.

What is Metric?
A standard of measurement. Software metrics are the statistics describing the structure or content of a program. A metric should be a real objective measurement of something such as number of bugs per lines of code.

What is Monkey Testing?
Testing a system or an Application on the fly, i.e just few tests here and there to ensure the system or an application does not crash out.

What is Negative Testing?
Testing aimed at showing software does not work. Also known as "test to fail". See also Positive Testing.

What is Path Testing?
Testing in which all paths in the program source code are tested at least once.

What is Performance Testing?
Testing conducted to evaluate the compliance of a system or component with specified performance requirements. Often this is performed using an automated test tool to simulate large number of users. Also know as "Load Testing".

What is Positive Testing?
Testing aimed at showing software works. Also known as "test to pass". See also Negative Testing.

What is Quality Assurance?
All those planned or systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or service is of the type and quality needed and expected by the customer.

What is Quality Audit?
A systematic and independent examination to determine whether quality activities and related results comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve objectives.

What is Quality Circle?
A group of individuals with related interests that meet at regular intervals to consider problems or other matters related to the quality of outputs of a process and to the correction of problems or to the improvement of quality.
What is Quality Control?
The operational techniques and the activities used to fulfill and verify requirements of quality.

What is Quality Management?
That aspect of the overall management function that determines and implements the quality policy.

What is Quality Policy?
The overall intentions and direction of an organization as regards quality as formally expressed by top management.

What is Quality System?
The organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes, and resources for implementing quality management.

What is Race Condition?
A cause of concurrency problems. Multiple accesses to a shared resource, at least one of which is a write, with no mechanism used by either to moderate simultaneous access.

What is Ramp Testing?
Continuously raising an input signal until the system breaks down.

What is Recovery Testing?
Confirms that the program recovers from expected or unexpected events without loss of data or functionality. Events can include shortage of disk space, unexpected loss of communication, or power out conditions.

What is Regression Testing?
Retesting a previously tested program following modification to ensure that faults have not been introduced or uncovered as a result of the changes made.

What is Release Candidate?
A pre-release version, which contains the desired functionality of the final version, but which needs to be tested for bugs (which ideally should be removed before the final version is released).
Interview : Testing/QA Interview Questions
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What is Sanity Testing?
Brief test of major functional elements of a piece of software to determine if its basically operational. See also Smoke Testing.

What is Scalability Testing?
Performance testing focused on ensuring the application under test gracefully handles increases in work load.

What is the role of metrics in comparing staff performance in human resources management?

How do you estimate staff requirements?


What do you do (with the project staff) when the schedule fails?

Describe some staff conflicts you?ve handled.

Why did you ever become involved in QA/testing?

What is the difference between testing and Quality Assurance?

What was a problem you had in your previous assignment (testing if possible)? How did you resolve it?

What are two of your strengths that you will bring to our QA/testing team?

What do you like most about Quality Assurance/Testing?

What do you like least about Quality Assurance/Testing?

What is the Waterfall Development Method and do you agree with all the steps?

What is the V-Model Development Method and do you agree with this model?

What is Security Testing?
Testing which confirms that the program can restrict access to authorized personnel and that the authorized personnel can access the functions available to their security level.

What is Smoke Testing?
A quick-and-dirty test that the major functions of a piece of software work. Originated in the hardware testing practice of turning on a new piece of hardware for the first time and considering it a success if it does not catch on fire.

What is Soak Testing?
Running a system at high load for a prolonged period of time. For example, running several times more transactions in an entire day (or night) than would be expected in a busy day, to identify and performance problems that appear after a large number of transactions have been executed.

What is Software Requirements Specification?
A deliverable that describes all data, functional and behavioral requirements, all constraints, and all validation requirements for software/

What is Software Testing?
A set of activities conducted with the intent of finding errors in software.

What is Static Analysis?
Analysis of a program carried out without executing the program.

What is Static Analyzer?
A tool that carries out static analysis.

What is Static Testing?
Analysis of a program carried out without executing the program.

What is Storage Testing?
Testing that verifies the program under test stores data files in the correct directories and that it reserves sufficient space to prevent unexpected termination resulting from lack of space. This is external storage as opposed to internal storage.

What is Stress Testing?
Testing conducted to evaluate a system or component at or beyond the limits of its specified requirements to determine the load under which it fails and how. Often this is performance testing using a very high level of simulated load.

What is Structural Testing?
Testing based on an analysis of internal workings and structure of a piece of software. See also White Box Testing.

What is System Testing?
Testing that attempts to discover defects that are properties of the entire system rather than of its individual components.

What is Testability?
The degree to which a system or component facilitates the establishment of test criteria and the performance of tests to determine whether those criteria have been met.

What is Testing?
The process of exercising software to verify that it satisfies specified requirements and to detect errors.
The process of analyzing a software item to detect the differences between existing and required conditions (that is, bugs), and to evaluate the features of the software item (Ref. IEEE Std 829).
The process of operating a system or component under specified conditions, observing or recording the results, and making an evaluation of some aspect of the system or component.
What is Test Automation? It is the same as Automated Testing.

What is Test Bed?
An execution environment configured for testing. May consist of specific hardware, OS, network topology, configuration of the product under test, other application or system software, etc. The Test Plan for a project should enumerated the test beds(s) to be used.
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What is Test Case?
Test Case is a commonly used term for a specific test. This is usually the smallest unit of testing. A Test Case will consist of information such as requirements testing, test steps, verification steps, prerequisites, outputs, test environment, etc.
A set of inputs, execution preconditions, and expected outcomes developed for a particular objective, such as to exercise a particular program path or to verify compliance with a specific requirement.
Test Driven Development? Testing methodology associated with Agile Programming in which every chunk of code is covered by unit tests, which must all pass all the time, in an effort to eliminate unit-level and regression bugs during development. Practitioners of TDD write a lot of tests, i.e. an equal number of lines of test code to the size of the production code.

What is Test Driver?
A program or test tool used to execute a tests. Also known as a Test Harness.

What is Test Environment?
The hardware and software environment in which tests will be run, and any other software with which the software under test interacts when under test including stubs and test drivers.

What is Test First Design?
Test-first design is one of the mandatory practices of Extreme Programming (XP).It requires that programmers do not write any production code until they have first written a unit test.

What is a "Good Tester"?
Could you tell me two things you did in your previous assignment (QA/Testing related hopefully) that you are proud of?

List 5 words that best describe your strengths.

What are two of your weaknesses?

What methodologies have you used to develop test cases?
In an application currently in production, one module of code is being modified. Is it necessary to re- test the whole application or is it enough to just test functionality associated with that module?

How do you go about going into a new organization? How do you assimilate?

Define the following and explain their usefulness: Change Management, Configuration Management, Version Control, and Defect Tracking.

What is ISO 9000? Have you ever been in an ISO shop?

When are you done testing?

What is the difference between a test strategy and a test plan?

What is ISO 9003? Why is it important?

What is Test Harness?
A program or test tool used to execute a tests. Also known as a Test Driver.

What is Test Plan?
A document describing the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of intended testing activities. It identifies test items, the features to be tested, the testing tasks, who will do each task, and any risks requiring contingency planning. Ref IEEE Std 829.

What is Test Procedure?
A document providing detailed instructions for the execution of one or more test cases.

What is Test Script?
Commonly used to refer to the instructions for a particular test that will be carried out by an automated test tool.

What is Test Specification?
A document specifying the test approach for a software feature or combination or features and the inputs, predicted results and execution conditions for the associated tests.

What is Test Suite?
A collection of tests used to validate the behavior of a product. The scope of a Test Suite varies from organization to organization. There may be several Test Suites for a particular product for example. In most cases however a Test Suite is a high level concept, grouping together hundreds or thousands of tests related by what they are intended to test.

What is Test Tools?
Computer programs used in the testing of a system, a component of the system, or its documentation.

What is Thread Testing?
A variation of top-down testing where the progressive integration of components follows the implementation of subsets of the requirements, as opposed to the integration of components by successively lower levels.

What is Top Down Testing?
An approach to integration testing where the component at the top of the component hierarchy is tested first, with lower level components being simulated by stubs. Tested components are then used to test lower level components. The process is repeated until the lowest level components have been tested.

What is Total Quality Management?
A company commitment to develop a process that achieves high quality product and customer satisfaction.

What is Traceability Matrix?
A document showing the relationship between Test Requirements and Test Cases.
What is Usability Testing?
Testing the ease with which users can learn and use a product.

What is Use Case?
The specification of tests that are conducted from the end-user perspective. Use cases tend to focus on operating software as an end-user would conduct their day-to-day activities.

What is Unit Testing?
Testing of individual software components.

What is Validation?
The process of evaluating software at the end of the software development process to ensure compliance with software requirements. The techniques for validation is testing, inspection and reviewing

What is Verification?
The process of determining whether of not the products of a given phase of the software development cycle meet the implementation steps and can be traced to the incoming objectives established during the previous phase. The techniques for verification are testing, inspection and reviewing.

What is Volume Testing?
Testing which confirms that any values that may become large over time (such as accumulated counts, logs, and data files), can be accommodated by the program and will not cause the program to stop working or degrade its operation in any manner.

What is Walkthrough?
A review of requirements, designs or code characterized by the author of the material under review guiding the progression of the review.

What is White Box Testing?
Testing based on an analysis of internal workings and structure of a piece of software. Includes techniques such as Branch Testing and Path Testing. Also known as Structural Testing and Glass Box Testing. Contrast with Black Box Testing.

What is Workflow Testing?
Scripted end-to-end testing which duplicates specific workflows which are expected to be utilized by the end-user.

What are ISO standards? Why are they important?

What is IEEE 829? (This standard is important for Software Test Documentation-Why?)

What is IEEE? Why is it important?

Do you support automated testing? Why?

We have a testing assignment that is time-driven. Do you think automated tests are the best solution?

What is your experience with change control? Our development team has only 10 members. Do you think managing change is such a big deal for us?

Are reusable test cases a big plus of automated testing and explain why.

Can you build a good audit trail using Compuware's QACenter products. Explain why.

How important is Change Management in today's computing environments?

Do you think tools are required for managing change. Explain and please list some tools/practices which can help you managing change.

We believe in ad-hoc software processes for projects. Do you agree with this? Please explain your answer.

When is a good time for system testing?
Are regression tests required or do you feel there is a better use for resources?